The Depiction of Women in Three Escapist Fictions free essay sample

A comparison of the depiction of women in Geoffrey Chaucers The Tale of the Wife of Bath, Ian Flemings From Russia with Love and Sheri Teppers Beauty. This essay explores how three influential writers, Geoffrey Chaucer, Ian Flemming and Sheri Tepper, from three different eras have depicted women in their writing. The portrayal of females by each writer is explored separately and then contrasted with that of the other writers. Specific examples and characters from these literary masterpieces are used to support the authors argument. The author provides an analysis of the different ways in which women have been depicted throughout the history of literature The representation of women in literature has been the focus of much research conducted by both feminists and literature critics, particularly over the last thirty years. Sheri Teppers Beauty, Geoffrey Chaucers The Wife of Bath and Ian Flemings From Russia with Love, are all examples of escapist fiction in which the attitudes towards women play a key role in the theme of the story. We will write a custom essay sample on The Depiction of Women in Three Escapist Fictions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Despite the claim that escapist fiction is isolated from the world in which its author lives, the values of both the author and the society in which he or she lives are reflected in their writing. The Wife of Bath, written in the fourteenth century, represents females as identical member of one group, all possessing the same faults and desires. Fleming, writing in 1957, depicts women differently again, categorizing them into two extreme stereotypes: the dominant, aggressive female and the submissive, naive female.

Free Essays on The American Dream

What is the American Dream? Is the American Dream still achievable? What is an opportunity and how can we plan for it? The questions remain. Everyone’s dream is to own their own business and to be their own manager. Proper steps and timing must be used in order to reach this so called â€Å"American dream†. However, it is the steps that deter people from achieving their dream. Opportunity is only available for people that desire to achieve. We live in a market economy. A "market" is a place where goods are bought and sold. This also means that the market or marketplace is the possibility of sale. Goods "find a market.† If you have a product, eventually you will find a place in the market where it can be most profitable. There is also a market for services. Services can be bought and sold the same way that commodities are bought and sold. Whether it be a service or a commodity, if there is a demand for it the product and/or commodity will be sold. Markets are opened to those who want to sell their product or commodity. Markets are also available for the convenience of those looking to purchase a particular product or service. The market represents an opportunity for all, buyers, and sellers. A market economy works on market â€Å"pressures† that develop for different commodities. These â€Å"pressures† are defined as an offering of the product, the choice of whether or not the product or service should be bought and time constrai nts. As business owners glimpse the future, decisions are made on the basis of the following factors: (1) Profit (2) Capital Investments (3) Production results. The owner of the business will review what profit has been made from their production and what losses they have incurred through that process. After reviewing the results of the profit margin, the owner must make decisions to increase volume. This process usually involves hiring more people, buying more materials, and often bidding up their prices... Free Essays on The American Dream Free Essays on The American Dream In 1852 when John Henry Newman wrote his essay, â€Å"The Idea of a University,† he wanted to convey that a University’s purpose was to be able to educate first-rate members of the social order. Newman’s theory, although over a hundred years old, still applies to today’s college students; many are seeking higher educations to not only lead to successful careers, but to also become an improved person in society. In a time when human endeavor was being redesigned, as industries, philosophies, and sciences were growing and affecting the world, Newman wrote an essay explaining the ideas and goals for seeking a liberal arts education. He states in his thesis that the function of such education, â€Å"is that of training good members of society† (Newman, 1852). Now two questions come to mind about the definition of, â€Å"training,† which Newman proposed. Is it preparation for someone to obtain a lucrative profession? On the other hand, is it guidance for someone to develop into an impacting member in the social community? Newman suggests both. He writes, â€Å"It is the education which gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them, and an eloquence in expressing them, and a force in urge them. It teaches him to see things as they are, to go right to the point, to disentangle a skein of though, to detect what is sophistical, and to discard what is irrelevant. It prepares him to fill any post with credit, and to master any subject with facility.† (Newman, 1852). Thus defining a student who has received his degree and is ready to enter a professional field of work, as not only being prepared to perform the work, but also to carry it out at a higher level than expectation s were set to. He is a man well, â€Å"trained,† to overcome any job related obstacles he may encounter. â€Å"He is at home in any society, he has common ground with every class; he is able to listen; he can ask a ... Free Essays on The American Dream What is the American Dream? Is the American Dream still achievable? What is an opportunity and how can we plan for it? The questions remain. Everyone’s dream is to own their own business and to be their own manager. Proper steps and timing must be used in order to reach this so called â€Å"American dream†. However, it is the steps that deter people from achieving their dream. Opportunity is only available for people that desire to achieve. We live in a market economy. A "market" is a place where goods are bought and sold. This also means that the market or marketplace is the possibility of sale. Goods "find a market.† If you have a product, eventually you will find a place in the market where it can be most profitable. There is also a market for services. Services can be bought and sold the same way that commodities are bought and sold. Whether it be a service or a commodity, if there is a demand for it the product and/or commodity will be sold. Markets are opened to those who want to sell their product or commodity. Markets are also available for the convenience of those looking to purchase a particular product or service. The market represents an opportunity for all, buyers, and sellers. A market economy works on market â€Å"pressures† that develop for different commodities. These â€Å"pressures† are defined as an offering of the product, the choice of whether or not the product or service should be bought and time constrai nts. As business owners glimpse the future, decisions are made on the basis of the following factors: (1) Profit (2) Capital Investments (3) Production results. The owner of the business will review what profit has been made from their production and what losses they have incurred through that process. After reviewing the results of the profit margin, the owner must make decisions to increase volume. This process usually involves hiring more people, buying more materials, and often bidding up their prices... Free Essays on The American Dream Throughout the history of our country, the United States of America has often been referred to as the â€Å"land of opportunity.† Though in some situations this may have been the case, for most Americans, especially in the nineteenth century, every day life was an ongoing struggle. Due to several factors, the US had a hard time living up to the expectations of its citizens. The citizens who faced the greatest hardships in this country were immigrants from around the world. Immigrants expected to come to America and find streets paved with gold. They thought that all they would have to do in order to achieve their fortune was chip a piece of gold off the street. In reality, they found obstacles not so dissimilar to those from which they were seeking asylum. Often they could not find employment as easily as the American born citizens. Those who did find work were forced to work long days at a minimal salary. In the book America Firsthand, there is an account written by a woman who migrated from Poland when she was a child. She worked in a Cigar shop in Cleveland, Ohio for nominal pay. The conditions in this were terrible and can easily be referred to as a â€Å"sweat-shop.† The children working in the shop were worked long hours with occasionally defective materials but were driven to produce more at a faster rate. The owner of the shop w as very greedy and unfair. He would look at the work done by the workers and would contest the smallest of imperfections in the cigars that were made. The imperfections would result in a wage penalty even if it was due to poor quality tobacco. As the owner became wealthier, he increased the size of his operation from a shop to a full-fledged factory. The mistreatment continued and the account goes on to describe an ensuing strike organized by the workers. Finally, the owner agreed to higher wages but the mistreatment continued. At the end of the account, the workers formed a small union b...

Instructional Design Models Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Instructional Design Models - Case Study Example This essay offers an in-depth description of the ADDIE model, examines the strengths and weaknesses of the ADDIE design process, and ultimately considers the implementation of this instructional design process in terms of a twelfth-grade high school English lesson. Perhaps the greatest strength of the ADDIE model is its flexibility in variations. While there are a multitude of variations on the ADDIE model, one of the most common includes the process of rapid prototyping (Branch 2009). This process functions to provide instant continuous feedback on the model’s efficacy. While the ADDIE model presents an effective design paradigm, as with all instructional design models it’s necessary to consider education and psychological theories, including constructivism, behaviorism, and cognitivism, in developing a workable platform for learning (Branch 2009). Even within this flexibility, one can contend that the process of learning is complicated to the extent that high levels or learner interaction with the instructor and material is necessary to achieve higher levels of thought. In these regards, a weakness of the ADDIE model is its static nature (Leshin, Pollock, Reigeluth 1992). During the ‘analysis’ phase of the ADDIE model, the designer identifies the learning problem that is to be approached. This involves a wide variety of questions, including what goals are to be achieved, the learners’ specific prior knowledge, as well as other important characteristics (for instance, learners with learning disabilities). Furthermore, one must consider educational and psychological theoretical approaches. In terms of the example of a twelfth-grade high school English lesson the problem that has been identified as needing of a design model is the students’ writing skills. The students are in a twelfth grade honors English class so they have a relatively strong understanding of the English language, and have written a

Global Demographics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Demographics - Essay Example Companies in the business of entertainment will need to pay far greater attention to Spanish speaking Americans in their product offering than they needed to a few years ago, as Hispanics are the fastest growing ethnic group. Products and services geared toward working mothers are very likely to enjoy success in an atmosphere in which women are pursuing careers before and after having children. Businesses that are blind to these kinds of demographic trends are likely to stagnate and ultimately lose out to more astute competitors. In an environment of global growth and diversity, there are trends that are likely to pose great challenges to competition and business success. The ability of an organization to embrace diversity and leverage it to strengthen its products and services, as well as its community image, is crucial to the ongoing success and competitiveness of any business today. No longer can businesses make assumptions of homogeneity in any market in which they choose to operate. Multiculturalism and diversity have redefined everything from what it means to be American or European to what is considered a family. Organizations must prepare to meet the ch... Question 3 If diversity could be viewed as a business strategy, it most certainly would contribute to an organization's competitive advantage. Communities are becoming ever more diversified; and organizations that fail to acknowledge and respond to that growing diversity risk becoming out of touch with the market in which they seek to operate successfully. Successful business have their finger on the pulse of what is going on in the market place, and are able to change and adapt accordingly. Those that remain stodgy and inflexible in the way they operate, and the way they develop and market their products and services, in the face of a demographically dynamic marketplace are very likely to be left out in the cold. A business strategy of diversity means utilizing market intelligence to quickly detect and respond to demographic and other changes in the market. It means relating to a diverse market by cultivating an image of diversity through public relations efforts, and committing to products and services that resonate with a diverse clientele. Those organizations that pursue this type of business strategy will enjoy a strong competitive market position well into the future. Question 4 Trends in changing demographics and global business expectations that demand attention from organizations desiring to remain competitive in the future include populations that are aging, becoming more ethnically diverse, and have greater access to information than ever before. People today have the ability to virtually instantaneously retrieve information about their product options, facts about the competition, and communication with others with

President Truman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

President Truman - Essay Example In my opinion, the bombing was a brutal and totally unjustified measure that could have been avoided. First, this method was fundamentally inhumane and barbaric as bombs were dropped right on the cities populated by civilians (including children, of course) who had nothing to do with the warfare. If USA intended to demonstrate its military power ‘scaring’ Japanese government and forcing it to surrender, the bombs could have been dropped somewhere beyond the borders of the cities (e.g. in the harbor). Moreover, I would disagree with the arguments of the bombings’ advocates on the fact that this attack had drawn the end of the war nearer saving many lives. This statement seems completely unreasonable as bombs killed a great number of innocent civilians and were not worth the price. Another reason why Truman was wrong in his decision to use nuclear weapon (by the way, just once in the world’s history) is that Hiroshima & Nagasaki bombings weren’t actually necessary for the victory in the war: the regular bombings continued anyway and the Japanese government being under intense pressure was about to surrender. In other words, American bomb attack hadn’t played a crucial role in establishment of peace, but had become a vast disaster resulting in numerous casualties, radiation spread and devastation. Thus, I consider President Truman’s decision to be useless, brutal and inhumane having much in common with mere genocide and

Crossâ€Cultural Management in Albania

Cross–Cultural Management in Albania Brunilda Mucollari Daniela Hallaci Jona Likskendaj Arli Barxhani Eraldo Bode Date: 01/20/2014 Course: Organizational Behavior Leadership Instructor: Dr. Perparim Dervishi Part I â€Å"Culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy. Cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster.† (www.uscivilizatio.com) Globalization, the land on which Cross – Cultural Management was sawed Intro Globalization is now becoming the future of the world. Humanity is now walking on the path that leads to, what we call â€Å"Becoming One†. Technology innovation is the main factor of this process. It brings people and cultures up together and by doing so they learn and enjoy each other’s way of living. The process seems to be long and basically changing us and bringing in front what we can consider positive or negative effects. People from different cultures in fact might have conflicts when working together, or they might share experiences and improve their selves. Cultures intercept each other to exchange knowledge, traditions and experience and history has taught this to us. On the other hand has also taught us that cultures exchange goods. At this point we come to the creation of a distinct concept; Cross – Cultural Management. Cross-Cultural Management â€Å"Cross-cultural management explains the behavior of people in organizations around the world and shows them how to work in organizations with employees and client populations from many different cultures.† (Kawar, 2012) Multinational companies existed as early as 2 000 B.C.; the Assyrians, the Phoenicians, the Greeks and the Romans – they all had their own version of globalize trading. Multinational Management is getting more and more necessary for all kinds of branches as the global market is shrinking. In the past century operation between advanced industrial countries had it up and downs. Because of the two world wars this partnership came to a halt. This wars, on the other hand gave a boost later on to the global market. After and between the two wars the World Bank was Created, International Monetary Fund and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and after the Berlin Wall fall new markets were opened to the free trade. These new emerging markets gave chances and opportunities to the business sector to increase their revenues. In fact every country has its culture and makes them distinguishable from each other, as in fact every country has its middle class that was and is willing to buy more international products and services. The need to decrease the costs without affecting the revenue but on contrary increase them makes the global entrepreneurs to invest and construct th eir plants in locations that provide lower cost of production. While companies grow and enter the international trade, their size increases with their earnings. When this happens the companies need to established their activity overseas and after than monitoring their activities across the border. This is in fact where cross-cultural management enters on the stage. Under these circumstances more and more the need for management is needed in the operations abroad. Managers often are part of the shareholder’s nationality, in other words an American business in Albania will definitely send an America citizen to manage their operations in Albania. The cultures are different between the two countries and this diversification brings up its problems. Problems â€Å"Cross†?!?! Dealing with people from different cultures and nationalities has its own problems. The main problem that Cross-Cultural Management faces is barriers. Barriers complicate the ongoing of operations and processes and tend to create mostly misunderstandings. The main barriers are: Language Culture Company Culture Language is the first tool when interacting with people. English is accepted as the international language all around the world and business has embraced this idea, but every country uses its own language firstly when dealing and communicating. Having said so, people have to learn first English even though it is not enough. The problem here is that words can lose their meaning when translated and the thought also. Culture also creates a huge barrier by its set of values, language, behavior, business ethics, expected etiquette or expressions. So if a manager operating in a foreign culture does not know the differences in the hosting culture, his or her message can be misunderstood. Company Culture mainly is considered as the norms and expectations that a company implies. This includes policies and specific procedures, the basis of a company’s culture. When a company enlarges its operations it is needed to find a connection between the cultures in order for the company culture to be accepted by the hosting culture. Culture shape Cross-Cultural Management! The vast part of a culture is absorbed by people during their childhood by the interaction with the surrounding people and environment and by doing so it helps people live within their society. Culture can be found on four different levels: National Level has to do with the differences between cultures in a national point of view. It deals with the values that people learn during their early life that becomes unchangeable and saint for them. Organizational level is the culture that is created within an organization and that is superficial. This culture is different from the company culture because it can change from an organization to another within the same country. Occupational level deals with different cultures created within an organization. This means that different cultures can be created in all departments of an organization. Gender level has to do with the cultures men and women create within their gender. This level can be defined as the most common one. In fact all the upper paragraphs are a theoretical overview of Cross-Cultural Management and this is what generally happens around the world but will all this theory feet in the Albanian reality. To give an idea about this point an Albanian case is presented in the second part of the paper. Part II EDUCATIONAL CENTRE RESEARCH Presentation of the Problem There are differences in cultures in general between countries, in addition to this there are differences among working countries as well. The problem is how this affects the way of managing the organization. Educational Centre is a company that operates in six countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Moldova, Rumania, Montenegro, and Serbia. It is a Greek company and it has succeeded well. It is interesting to see how the different Bookshops are dealing with culture differences. Educational Centre main office is placed in Thessaloniki, Greece and it has branches in six countries. We will concentrate our thoughts on the below: Are there any differences in how the six offices in the different countries are managed? If yes, are they a result of national business culture differences? If not, why are there no differences? Purpose The purpose of this research is to get an insight on how difficult is to manage a company across cultures. The purpose is to come up with a result that will reflect this or with a solution to dealing with differences. Countries of Study The countries in the study are the branches of Educational Centre in six countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Moldova, Rumania, Montenegro, Serbia Research Method There are different approaches in developing a research paper. We have chosen the qualitative method which is more about having long interviews with a smaller amount of people in order to get more detailed information. The purpose of this method is to receive thorough descriptions and it is very useful when you do not know much of the phenomenon, or very small amounts of researches have already been done, as in the case of Educational Centre. Although the qualitative approach does not give any foundation, which can be used as a generalization for results. The purpose of the research is to get more thorough knowledge and understanding how Educational Centers in six countries , the qualitative approach will be used with a deductive approach. Six branch managers in six countries will be interviewed. The selective selection of the interviews has been on the purpose of getting in contact with people that have great insight on how things work in an Educational Centre. So the analysis of the Qualitative approach will consist: Type of Data: Qualitative data, text sections which illustrate theoretical variables or categories Flexibility: Big Data and analysis: Interpret , in consecutive order and integrated with data collection Use beyond the concrete examination: Transferability All the interviews were intended to be filled in an sent back by email but in the end we had to Skype called and filled in with the answers. What is culture? Culture is a set of basic values, perceptions, wants and behaviors, related to achievement and success, activity and involvement, efficiency and practicality, progress, comfort, individualism, freedom, humanitarianism, youthfulness, fitness and health. Culture is the most basic cause of a person’s wants and behavior, learned by a member of the society from the family, his own life experience and other important institutions; COMPANY CULTURE? Organizational Culture: is the set of values, norms, standards of behavior, and common expectations that control the ways individuals and groups in an organization interact with each other and work together to achieve the organizational goals. The History of Educational Centers The Educational Centers were first opened in Rumania and Bulgaria in 1992 (at that time known as Oxford Centers) providing the exclusivity of Oxford University Press in both ELT and Academic publications. Mr. Petros Papasarantoupoulos is their owner. Later on in 1994 they opened the offices in Serbia, Montenegro, Albania and Moldova. The business has increased rapidly by the novelty it offered in six countries which before 1990 were all isolated to foreign publishing’s and were eager to leering foreign languages which was totally forbidden in communist times. In the coming years the business was going to expand to more than just an International Bookshop. It was going to Provide International Exams and International Qualifications for Teachers which was so much needed in order to meet the international standards. The Vision of Educational Centers Expand and the success of the business was due to a vision which Educational Centre followed: BETTER BOOKS, BETTER SERVICES. This was the philosophy everybody had to be focused how to be better. The Educational Centre Organization The company has such a flat structure. The Central Office is in Thessaloniki Greece and the branches are in the below countries directly depending on the Main office Thessaloniki: Educational Centre Albania Educational Centre Bulgaria Educational Centre Rumania Educational Centre Serbia Educational Centre Montenegro Educational Centre Moldova Results and Analysis It is important in analyzing the central office and the inspiration that this central office located in Thessaloniki is transmitting to its subordinate, Managers in six countries. Out of the questionnaire that is Appendix 1 at the end of this research paper resulted that , The global manager was a skilled one and he almost always took care of all the skills he is required to have in order to be successful. He paid too much attention of the regional differences in terms of subordinate and much more attention in terms of suppliers in international cultures. Attention was paid to his subordinates in terms of respect and always asked for the best possible to include all his managers in setting strategies and being involved in team decisions. So ethical values that they should respect in the company were central to the CEO of Educational Centers . Business Culture Due to the fact that almost all of these countries were mainly coming out of the Communism effects in the 1990s they were relatively quiet new to business culture. While people in Greece, from antiquity, have been quite skilled with business and trade. A new culture was imposed to these people in the all these countries. They were more than open to a new business and especially focused in Foreign Literature. But there was needed a knowhow to settle it in a conservative market. The imposed culture in all these countries has been almost similar but being adapted in the way it could have been most successful. The results given in this table are coming as an analysis of the questionnaire given to the Managers in all these countries, revealed in the Appendix 2 in the end. In the analysis you will see that there are some slight changes between management in some countries due to the slight cultural differences. The Analysis In all these countries as we may see there are a lot of similarities. First of all the structure is flat and the people are freely invited to talk to local managers and express their opinions. Every company uses first name based communications, which makes the atmosphere more warm and human based. The employee seems to be trusted only 10% turnover seems to be present in some countries, which means that people feel comfortable and happy to work for the company. The company pays attention to the worked by organizing trips and meetings which helps so much in building the team spirit. An important impact from the analysis is also the values inside the company. People from the selection phase before entering the job are requested to be honest, responsible, loyal which are important in building a team spirit inside the companies. Although may be slight changes in the order and qualities requested as the most important in a company. But they all are important and they all respect an inspired top management atmosphere. Cross Cultural differences There may be seen slight changes in the way people from these different countries see their colleagues in the other countries concerning the way they express their emotions. Some countries are more open than the others, but what is important is that they all pay attention in respecting their colleagues in other countries. We may also have to take into consideration if these is all the work of them or is an inspired leader to dictate their way? If we base our self at Appendix 1 analysis we will see that the figure of the Top Management shows how much are taken in to consideration the differences between cultures before making a decision and all the skills required to be a good manager in a cross cultural environment. Being a successful manager means: Gather information information about other cultures Have an open-minded approach to different cultures and values Show cultural differences and make the others aware of them and understand and gain valid experiences from them Learn from other cultural experiences and train people to attend cross cultural training and sessions All the above points are some of the most important noticed at the Educational Centre Top Management characteristics, which make him a skilled Global Manager. Results The noticeable result out of the research was that between Educational Centers in these countries tried hard to keep a unique culture, norms and values. The way that this is shown is that in every Educational Centre, everyone is participating in team building activities. The way they are all coping with cultural differences is very inspiring; it may seem somehow restricted to the Top management way. It is how they are working on preserving their own values and norms that are remarkable. From the very first day as an employee you will feel the culture and values within the institution, if you are not in tune with them they will be enforced upon you. So a newcomer will by rule follow the company trainings and then the sister companies trainings until being part of a trained team. The managers also participate in routine checkups to ensure that the staff is living by these norms, the staff answers questions regarding if the managers are working by them as well. You could say that Educational Centre does not fail on the aspect of taking in mind other countries’ cultures. They know about the different cultures in the countries where they enter, in order not to offend anyone. But they go on by imposing a similar culture. It is almost impossible for Educational Centers to offer what market offers, they have to be unique in what offer and their concept – it has been a winning concept so far. The main concerns for these companies, such as Educational centers, are to make sure they have strong culture on their own. They should have clear values and norms and this should be diffused throughout the entire organization. It is also necessary that everyone feels comfortable making their voice heard working in an environment with differences in cultures. If they would not be so open in the organization and having such a flat hierarchy there probably would be a lot more complications. References Publishing References Cross Cultural Management, Ray French , second edition, cipd Ajohannssen and P.A.Tufte 2003 Hofstede , Geert and Hofstede , Gerty Jan 2005 Interviews: B. Mucollari – Educational Centre Albania(Manager) R. Saric- Educational Centre Serbia(Manager) G. Puerda – Educational Centre Romania(Manager) T. Cernoc- Educational Centre Moldova (Manager) Bogovac – Educational Centre Montenegro (Manager) K. Tetova – Educational Centre Bulgaria (Manager) http://uscivilization.wordpress.com/2011/10/08/01/ Kawar, T.I (2012). Cross-cultural Difference in Management.Journal of Business and Social Science , 3(6), 107.

Babie’s Nutrition Essay

Is immunity compromised in babies who are formula fed for their first year compared to babies who are breastfed for the first year? Anastasia J. Jorgensen LCC Nursing 165 Is immunity compromised in babies who are formula fed for their first year compared to babies who are breastfed for the first year? Many hospitals are now implementing a â€Å"Baby Friendly† environment in their delivery and mother-baby units. This initiative promotes breastfeeding as the priority feeding method to new mothers and leaves formula feeding by the wayside. Is formula feeding hurting these children or all of the children who have been formula fed up to this point? One study suggests that there is a high use of laxatives in formula-fed infants (Gitte Zachariassen, 2013). While another sets out to prove that formula containing galactose, galactooligosaccharides (GOS) would help reduce infections and allergic manifestations with a prebiotic effect on intestinal microbiota (Carlos Sierra, 2014). Purpose In Sierra’s et al.’s (2014) article, which reviews the effect of prebiotic’s during the first year of life in formula fed infants, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is performed to assess the effects of prebiotic supplements on intestinal micro bacteria and the incidence of infections and allergic reactions during the first year of life. In Gitte Zachariassen’s et al.’s (2013) article on preterm infant diet and the high use of laxatives among the formula-fed infants, a study was performed to see what the effects of formula were on the infant gastrointestinal system versus infants who were given breastmilk along with formula and breastmilk alone. This study included the number of meals given, number and amount of regurgitation, number of stools, and amount of laxatives used daily. Summary of Studies1 Population. The first study, Carlos Sierra et al. (2014), consisted of infants less than 2 months old and healthy term infants from eight Spanish hospitals. These infants ranged in gestational age of 37 to 42 weeks and weighed more than 2500 grams. The infants were then placed into different groups to monitor the effects of the different food given whether it was formula or breastmilk. In the next study, Gitte Zachariassen et al. (2013), parents of very preterm infants (  regarding breastfeeding is important but I believe that more information should be provided about formula feeding and the problems that can occur. Specifically, I think parents should be informed that their infant could be more irritable because they are gassy or constipated if they are only formula fed, this may deter some parents from the use of formula or at least encourage them to supplement with breastmilk. I also think that they should be informed that breastfeeding, while it does contribute to passive immunity, is not the only way to keep your infant healthy. Formula, while more convenient to use at times, is not going to make your infant less healthy but it will not increase their immunity eith er. References Carlos Sierra, M.-J. B.-I.-L.-M. (2014). Prebiotic effect during the first year of life in healthy infants fed formula containing GOS as the only prebiotic: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind and placeboi-controlled trial. Springerlink.com, 11. Gitte Zachariassen, J. F.-G. (2013). Preterm dietary study: meal frequency, regurgitation and the surprisingly high use of laxatives among formula-fed infants following discharge. ACTA Paediatrica, 7.

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Well, we could provide more Saint Schools and those who feel like completing their first to 10th grade education through such schools are welcome to Join. We already have such schools in India and we can build some more. Military Training instill a sense of pride, nationalism, and patriotism I think the Army Cadet Force should be more advertised for the benefit of adults and kids. It teaches discipline and respect for yourself as well as for others.As an adult you can obtain training and play a part in courses while you can help to teach your cadets. Our kids are brilliant and love what they do, when you watch them grow and learn it is so rewarding. I believe it would be a beneficial way of solving a lot of societies issues, it provides young adults the experience and discipline that they tend to be lacking in this day and age. It would provide people the opportunity to learn trades and/or get money to help pay for collage which Is quickly outpacing many families ability to pay.I bel ieve it is probably even more Important for the social elite which would seek to find some exemption mostly so they can see how the world works without all the effluence that surrounds them. One more reasons to make this compulsory Is very few of normal citizens know what the soldiers sitting at the border or In a war actually do? They are not known to the hardships they have to face, and If this training Is made compulsory, then obviously including the cadets, their families would get to know about It..We are taught so many things about the army, the techniques used In a war, also a part of the military training.. Now this Is not a much longer program, so many of you may think that what knowledge could we get In days.. But If you see It somewhat practically, then 5 says Is not that less even, because military training Is not about getting completely Into It for which we need a lot of time, but Its about our knowledge of the army, of their ways, tactics and precautions one has to ma ke.SO for that 5 days are not that less even. It's not that youth don't need training – they do. And some of the squalliest that military training gives – telephone, working for and In a group, fitness, energy are all useful to make them more capable so they can lead more meaningful & productive lives and contribute to the overall success & productivity of their implies & land. We need more trained teachers, doctors, social activists, engineers, entrepreneurs†¦ He list Is endless. We need more roads, more schools, more food, more electricity, more water, more houses†¦ This list Is endless too. Trained & educated youth would contribute to the removal of poverty and distress – first for them selves – and then for their society. When unattended these cause violent uprisings which are then suppressed by the military. For Points Essay By arunthakur007 help pay for collage which is quickly outpacing many families ability to pay.I believe it is probabl y even more important for the social elite which would seek to One more reasons to make this compulsory is very few of normal citizens know what the soldiers sitting at the border or in a war actually do? They are not known to the hardships they have to face, and if this training is made compulsory, then obviously including the cadets, their families would get to know about it.. We are taught so many things about the army, the techniques used in a war, also a part of the military training.. Now this is not a much longer program, so many of you may think that hat knowledge could we get in days..But if you see it somewhat practically, then 5 days is not that less even, because military training is not about getting completely into it for which we need a lot of time, but its about our knowledge of the army, of It's not that youth don't need training – they do. And some of the qualities that military training gives – discipline, working for and in a group, fitness, energy are all engineers, entrepreneurs†¦ The list is endless. We need more roads, more schools, more food, more electricity, more water, more houses†¦ This list is endless too.

Latin American Representation in Motion Pictures essays

Latin American Representation in Motion Pictures essays Latin American Representation in Motion Pictures My friends and I love going to the movies. There is nothing like the taste of buttery, warm popcorn, an ice-cold soda and a great movie. We enter the movie theatre and find the perfect seat, not too close and not too far, but perfectly in the middle. As the pre-views finish and the lights begin to dim, our anticipation and excitement builds for the movie we having waiting to watch. When the movie starts and the credits begin we are sometimes presented with Latino names, such as, "Lopez," "Garcia," "Hayek," "Banderas," "Perez," "Rodriguez," "Gonzalez," and many others. When I am with my friends we can't help but cheer and feel a sense of pride. However, this feeling is quickly disrupted when we realize that the roles of our Latino stars are that of servants or drug addicts. As I witness these images, my pride slowly disappears and I feel embarrassed. I ask myself why are they speaking that way? Why do they act that way? The answers that I found were more profound than I imagined. In this paper, I will explore the various representations, depictions and portrayals of Latin American women in American Hollywood. Specifically, I will identify the dark shadow of negative images that has followed Latin American women from the emergence of film through today. Finally, I will identify the ways in which these issues are beginning to change from the former negative representations to the emergence of a more positive, celebrated representation of Latin Americans. The New Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines power as " a position of ascendancy over others: authority, the ability to act or produce an effect, one that has control" (Merriam Webster 569). There is an underlying issue of power in American cinema. From the time that motion pictures emerged in 1895, the power in cinema was mostly defined and held in the hands of one elite group: the dominant white race. As Stuart Ha...

buy custom The Nursing Shortage essay

buy custom The Nursing Shortage essay It is evident that there are critical nursing shortages in many hospitals, which affect patients, nurses, physicians, as well as hospital administrators (Buerhaus, 2000). After conducting a random survey to determine the impact of the shortage of nurses in my department, I concluded that it is something critical due to increase in the number of preventable deaths. The situation has affected nurse-patient relationships, communication, quality of care and overall efficiency. Often nursing shortages have effects on patient safety, as it impacts on early detection of their complications (Buerhaus, 2000). I realized that there was an urgent need to develop team collaboration so as to improve patient care, as well as their safety. However, it has not been easy to increase the number of nurses to the required level due to many other factors, including financial constraints. Hospital administrators and nurses need to work as a team and come up with ways of dealing with the shortage as they work more closely than before. Generally, patient care should be a shared goal that needs discipline and teamwork (Buerhaus, 2000). Since we cannot reverse the shortage of nurses immediately, there should be communication to help strengthen the relationship between the existing nurses and improve the quality of patient care. Nursing shortage is currently a big problem caused by a lack of new students joining the nursing career, an aging workforce, and rapid population growth, thereby resulting in an increased need for better healthcare (Buerhaus, 2000). It is evident from several other reports that a significant percentage of patient death or injury is as a result of inadequate nurse staffing. It is a problem that also affects the nurses; they are overworked due to increased workloads, working for longer hours, and most importantly, there are limited resources needed to provide a high quality of healthcare to the patients. This takes its toll on the assessment of patients, diagnosis as well as treatment. The number of nurses required in a hospital depends on its size and number of patient beds present. This means that on a daily basis the patients to nurse ratio depends on the number of patients that each department has. My department has lots of patients daily, which results in understaffing as the hospital does not have the required finances to hire new nurses. A nurse has lot of work, when to consider patient history, the time and attention a single patient requires and medications. So, if there are many patients in a department like ours, there will be lots of work required and patients will end up receiving less attention and care. Getting more nurses has become a problem because of inadequate nursing programs as well as insufficient amount of instructors to guide them. Addressing the shortage of nurses will go a long way to addressing the current weaknesses seen in patient care. Inadequate staffing levels impact on both nurses and patients, but most importantly on the finances. Many deaths are caused by increase in costs of treating some diseases. The cost of care that goes into treating these patients will increase. Notably, nursing shortages affect the hospital in terms of fiscal management; not many patients will get the quality care they deserve, hence a rise in the cost needed to treat them. Hospitals are under a lotof pressure to come up with an environment that promotes quality care and guarantee safety, while at the same time controlling costs. To improve the hospitals financial health, I propose a number of customized solutions that are flexible and scalable as well. Notably, the solutions have to work within the hospitals budget so as to maximize investments and savings. For many years, nursing shortages have been solved by hiring or recruiting nurses from other states or countries such as Canada, India, and English-speaking African countries, as well as increasing their wages (Clifford, 1988). However, after conducting a survey, the current shortage of nurses in the hospital requires long term planning and solutions, since short term solutions have little impact (Clifford, 1988). Short term and long term solutions to the current shortages need recruiting of new nurses, retaining the current ones, and increasing the capability of nursing schools. I suggest that the hospital invests in supplying various educational facilities and funding or financial aid to specific students as scholarships in nursing, which will encourage them to work in the institution in the future. Other strategies should include retaining the current nurses in the hospital by providing a suitable working environment. The management should also encourage those who had left the nursing career by promising them even better working conditions. In general, the hospital should improve its working conditions as well as improve professional development of the nurses in the hospital. I also propose the following provisions: scholarships for a number of nursing students; public service announcements and community education programs aimed at encouraging more students to pursue careers in nursing; career ladder programs; a fast-track faculty loan repayment program for those who wish and agree to join the hospitals workforce; practice grants for the administration; and long term training grants to those joining the nursing program within the hospital. The hospital should also strive to improve the current working conditions for nurses by banning compulsory overtime practices and improving the staff ratios. In general, there should be a structural and cultural change within the hospital. Notably, there is a huge gap between the supply of nurses and their demand in hospitals, which will even worsen in future. However, in trying to deal with this problem, the hospital needs to be concerned about the impact it would have on its finances. Importantly, all hospitals should form a team to help in training of students in the nursing professions and encourage nursing orientation as well (Hodgman, 1999). I propose to the hospital that they should come up with an in-service and continuing education, besides setting internal staff levels, which are based on nurse proficiency and skill mix. It is important that all health care organizations invest in nursing services. Hospitals face a lot of pressure when it comes to controlling their finances, and the nurses are the ones who receive large parts of the hospital budget. I propose hiring more nurses as a short term solution, because it could actually save the hospital some money. A large number of patient deaths and wasting of valuable time could actually be avoided if the number of nurses is inncreased. However, it is impossible to get new nurses because of the lack of professors to teach them. Patients nowadays require even more nursing care, but the situation is bad, since there are fewer nurses to give them the necessary care. Implementing the above mentioned measures will go a long way into improving the current situation. An increase in staff will take care of shortages, as the other proposals act for the long term. It is important that we take care of the future. The current workforce will eventually retire and hence leave a gap which may not be easily solved (Hodgman, 1999). Specific Strategies to Solve the Nursing Shortage I propose: the development of educational partnerships with other relevant institutions, promotion of bedside nurse retention programs, training of current staff and new and emerging leaders, initiation of various scholarship programs and clinical academies as well, reduction of costs such as registry and traveler costs, initiating programs that support creativity, and also developing a plan that will redesign the patient care delivery model. Developing educational partnerships (Education).. Reduced$ 300,000 per year The grant that provides the hospital with funding for education programs will be consolidated to generate savings. Partnerships in the education department will reduce the money used for training and retraining of nurses. Slashing registry and traveler costs (Transport). Reduced$ 500,000 per year The budget reduce guarantee funding for overseas travel expenses for the hospital executive officers, as well as reducing the number of the officers who travel out of the country for conferences and other official functions. The budget envisions give saving the greater priority. Forming a Frontline Leadership initiative that fosters creativity (Leadership). Frontline leadership development initiatives will reduce funds, which were traditionally spent by the hospital due to poor leadership and misappropriation of funds Promoting bedside nurse retention. Increased$ 1,000,000 The budget should be increased in order to save the amount used to care for very sick patients, who will be left to go home and return afterwards when the sickness deteriorate. Training staff and molding leaders (Education). Reduced$ 2 million Training of staff on the modern equipments will help reduce cost caused by mishandling and destruction of these equipments. Some of them are quite expensive and training of the employees will be important in reducing the cost of repair and maintenance. Conclusion These are all short and long term goals, which will take up to ten years. In evaluating the effectiveness of the proposals, it is important that the management evaluates every single plan I have discussed after every year. They should be able to note that there is a reduction in the overall cost of treating patients. Buy custom The Nursing Shortage essay

Introduction to Accounting and Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Introduction to Accounting and Finance - Essay Example Hair wax refers to products of hair styling utilized to make a definition of hair into chunks or textual pieces. This would in turn aid in manipulating hair into numerous styles. However, to would be retailers or users, it is vital to realize that everything and in this context- every product, has its merits and demerits alike. Some of the merits in association with hair wax is that different products of hair styling based on wax can help come up with similar styles as well as give a similar shine to that of mousse or gel. However, the persons who utilize the hair wax products will have their hair remain in a state of pliability contrary to the effects identifiable with mousses and gels which have an end impact of having the hair remain in a state of stiffness. Hair wax products are recommended since they allow persons who use the same to restyle and fix hair simply by running fingers through the hair, and it is possible over the whole day subsequent to application. (thehairthread.com, 2011) Normally, hair wax is obtained from soft solids unlike hair gel. These soft solids are obtainable naturally such as bee wax or other wax blended products. However, unlike hair gel, hair wax is not as common. Hair gels’ application are with the inclusion of curly hair, women usage, men usage, long hair gels’ usage among others. On the contrary, hair wax is always recommended for short or medium hair length but it is bound to fail on long hair. (besthairwax.net, 2011) Note that hair wax is a product for hair styling that functions best upon messy type of hair and it is also helpful in achieving flicks as well as layered hair defining. It smoothes and aids in twisting short types of locks and also good for hair strands separation. (thehairstyler.com, 2009) Hair wax is mostly used but not restricted to men and this is since it is more advisable for short cuts such as buzzcuts, and flattops. It is also recommendable for

Organisations and Behaviour assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Organisations and Behaviour - Assignment Example Communication generally occurs at the immediate level. A traditional hierarchical structure is more favourable for smaller organisations. The organisations having less number of employees can be controlled and proper flow of communication can be maintained with a top down organisation approach. This is helpful in enforcing power and command over the organisation. However, with the rise in globalisation and technological advancements, organisations began to downsize and started to use technology instead. In the present business environment, a strict top down approach of hierarchal organisational structure is tough to follow. Since every department is branching out into many sub divisions and vertical as well as horizontal branches, cross communication has seen an enormous rise. Thus looking at the present scenario, a hierarchal organisational structure will lead to a lack in communication and the resultant organisational will be more bureaucratic in nature. Apart from this, another ma jor disadvantage of this structure is that it does not encourage employees to collaborate, share ideas and information. Sometimes employees develop cliches and it may also result in fierce competition for power within departments. This decreases the motivation level of employees. Hawk Company was following taylorist methods of production. A taylorist method can be characterized as a production process in which every action or task is broken down into smaller segments with the objective of monitoring and correcting any action. This can be regarded as a rigorous method of production where each and every action is flowed by strict monitoring. A taylorist approach can be accompanied by many methods of organisational structure. These can be bureaucratic, hierarchal or specialised structure. In the bureaucratic, structure, strict rules and regulations are followed and procedures are delegated in order to achieve compliance and control of subordinated from those who give orders. The second one is hierarchical in which decision makers are separated from employees who implement. Traditional methods of taylorism are highly dysfunctional and lead decrease in motivation of employees and workers. From the above two theories, it is very evident that the arising issues and complications from the traditional methods of organisational structure and production process lead to the subsequent changes, which were implemented in the organisation. It is evident from the case that the work process in the manufacturing unit was boring and repetitive and workers were losing interest in the process. The organisational structure was hierarchal as well as bureaucratic because of which, the workers had a very little say in the decision making process. The technology used in the manufacturing unit was mostly basic and traditional because of which workers are highly dissatisfied. This had also resulted in high amount of absenteeism and difficulty in recruitment. Looking at the problems and i ssues, the management decided to consult with the workers and staff. With the help of workers and employee feedback, many changes were made. The first change was made on the workshop and the factory. Old and traditional machinery were replaced by new and more advanced equipments. Special training was also provided to the workers for making them acquainted with the latest machinery. The assembly lines of workers were changed from single task workers to teams, where a team will be